Essential steps:
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Install OS and security updates immediately (don't delay)
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Use a strong passcode (6+ digits, not just 1234 or 0000)
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Enable biometrics (fingerprint or face) but keep a strong passcode as backup
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Download apps only from official stores (Google Play, Apple App Store)
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Turn off USB debugging (developer option) unless you're a developer
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Disable installation from unknown sources (keep it OFF)
Advanced protection:
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Use a password manager (don't reuse passwords across sites)
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Enable two-factor authentication (2FA) on important accounts (email, banking, social media)
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Review app permissions regularly (does a flashlight app need your contacts?)
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Turn off Bluetooth and NFC when not actively using them
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Use a VPN on public Wi-Fi (especially for sensitive logins)